Baker{40 s oven

ABSTRACT

The volume of a baker&#39;&#39;s oven is rendered adjustable by the provision of a movable rear wall, preferably having sidewall screens screening the space not used from the heat source. An oven having a plurality of oven compartments, each of which is formed for independent adjustment of the volume thereof, is also disclosed.

United States Patent 1191 Verhey Jan. 8, 1974 1 BAKER'S OVEN 3,144,243 8/1964 Henson 107/55 R x 2,597,627 5/1952 Fader et al... 107/55 C [76] Inventor: Adrlaan Verhey, Katendrechtse 83,472 3/1869 Gray I 107/57 R Lageduk 217b, Rotterdam, 1,456,478 5 1923 White 52/67 Netherlands 3,256,838 6/1966 Booras 107/57 R 122 Filed: Jan. 17, 1972 Primary Examiner-Geo. V. Larkin 21 N 2 2 1 0 5 Attorney-Manfred M. Warren et. a1.

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Jan. 19, 1971 Netherlands 7100700 ABSTRACT [52] U s C] 432/152 432/3 The volume of a bakers oven is rendered adjustable 5H F27b 9/14 by the provision of a movable rear wall, preferably [58] Field 52/67 having sidewall screens screening the space not used 137 5 from the heat source. An oven having a plurality of oven compartments, each of which is formed for inde- {561 Reference-s Cited pendent adjustment of the volume thereof, is also dis cl d. 1

UNITED STATES PATENTS I 058 3,351,025 11/1967 'Tiilandfll' e! a! 107/55 R 8 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures PATENTED 81974 SHEET 10? 2 BAKERS OVEN entirely filled with products to be baked. In that case there is the danger that all of the available heat is taken up by the smaller batch to be baked, so that these products may be overheated. Although, therefore, in many cases a smaller oven would suffice, there is always a need for a large oven. The use of a large oven to bake small batches in addition leads to waste of heat, in particular each time the door is opened.

It is an object of the present invention to avoid these drawbacks, for which purpose, according to the invention the rear wall of the oven compartment is adjust-. able in position towards and away from the front wall.

With the oven according to the invention the user can proceed as follows. When the oven has been preheated the movable rear wall is adjusted to a position adjacent to the oven door, the door is opened and the first products are introduced. While the bottom and the movable rear wall are moved rearwardly over a given distance the next group is introduced. The movable rear wall is again moved further backwards and the next group can be positioned, e'tc. Finally the movable rear wall is allowed to stand at the desired point of its range, as far as the filling of the oven is completed. In removing the baked products the user proceeds in reverse order, in which, again, only a minimum loss of heat is suffered. If the bakers oven is of thetype in which the heating means consists of a number of heating elements which are disposed under the oven compartment, the heating elements which, as viewed from the door, are located beyond the rear wall, can be switched off or adjusted to a reduced capacity.

The advantages of the present invention are very conspicuous in the situation in which the oven has a plurality of compartments and is provided with a heating and blowing unit, which is connected to the ovens sidewalls and which blows heated air through the blowing box or cabinet to the oven compartments. The sidewalls are adjustable and comprise belts suspended from vertical rollers over the length of the oven and adapted to be wound on said rollers, said belts being secured to the rear wall and being imperforate in the region which as viewed from the oven door lies beyond said rear wall, and having at least one heating-air passage in the region in front of said rear wall, the arrangement being such that when the movable-rear wallis displaced said side walls are moved along with it, and the blowing boxes in the region beyond the rear wall are screened.

Some embodiments of the invention will be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings. As the description proceeds, further details of the invention will be set forth. In said drawings. FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic perspective view of an oven with one compartment constructed according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a more advanced position of the movable rear wall;

FIG. 3. is a diagrammatic showing of an alternative embodiment of the oven of the present invention having a plurality of compartments provided with a circulatory heating system.

FIG. 1 shows an oven compartment 1 in the first instance constituted by fixed side walls 2 and 4, fixed rear wall 3, an oven door 5, a top wall 6 and an oven bottom 7 consisting ofa belt construction adapted to be wound up, which bottom may be provided with openings, and may consist for example of wire mesh. The mesh bottom 7 is supported by two end transport rollers 8 and 9, to which the transverse ends of the mesh bottom are secured, so that when one of rollers 8, 9 is driven (by suitable means not shown) the belt is longitudinally transported. A movable rear wall of oven compartment 1 is constituted by partition 11, which is secured to mesh bottom 7. Disposed under bottom 7 are a plurality of heating elements or means 12.

Generally speaking, when the oven has been preheated the user will place the movable rear wall in the position shown in FIG. 2 and then position the first products to be baked. After the movable bottom 7 has been moved rearwardly the next group of products will be placed, etc. It will be clear that in the open position of door 5 a minimum amount of heat will be lost only, as the oven compartment 1 has been adjusted to have only the volume required to accommodate the quantity of products placed. It may happen that no more products are placed in the oven than, for example, up to the position of movable rear wall 11 as shown in FIG. 1. The heating elements lying behind it can then be switchd off or adjusted to a lower capacity.

FIG. 1 further shows in dash lines an extension or auxiliary wall 11 of movable rear wall 11 extending under movable bottom 7 which screens the space under rear bottom portion, in which the heating elements are switched off, from the space under compartment 1 in which the operative heating elements are located.

FIG. 3 shows an oven having three oven compartments 13, 14 and 15 built one on top of the other, the unit being provided with a blowing box or cabinet 16 surrounding the compartments and through which heated air is blown by means of heating and blowing means or apparatus, not shown, which may be disposed under the oven and connected to cabinet 16. In addition to movable rear walls 17, l8, l9, sidewalls 21, 22, 23 are displaceable, which sidewalls consists of belts adapted to be wound up and comprise open portions and imperforated portions 21', 22', 23 and 21", 22", 23", respectively. Sidewalls 21-23 are suspended from vertically positioned rollers24 and 25, upon which they are wound and from which they are unwound when the movable rear walls 17, 18 and 19 are displaced. The imperforate portions screen heatedair in the blowing box or cabinet from the volumes located beyond the movable rear walls, so that only the front part of each oven compartment is being used, and has hot gases flowing therethrough.

I claim:

1. A bakers oven comprising an oven compartment defined by two sidewalls, a top wall, a bottom, a front wall and a rear wall, and heating means under said compartment, said front wall being formed as an oven door, said bottom being formed as a movable bottom operable as a conveyor belt, and said rear wall being movable in the direction towards and away from said oven door.

2. A bakers oven according to claim 1 and rollers mounted to said oven, said movable bottom being attached adjacent the front and rear ends thereof to said rollers to enable said movable bottom to be wound upon, and unwound from said rollers during its movement.

3. A bakers oven according to claim 1, wherein said movable rear wall is fixedly secured to said movable bottom for movement along with the latter.

4. A bakers oven according to claim 3, wherein said movable bottom carries a downwardly extending auxiliary rear wall corresponding with said movable rear wall.

5. A bakers oven comprising: a plurality of oven compartments each defined by two sidewalls, a top wall, a bottom, a front wall, and a rear wall, said compartments being situated in an air-heated space of the oven, each of said front walls being formed as an oven door, each of said bottoms being formed as a movable bottom, each of said rear walls being movable towards and away from the respective one of said doors, and each sidewall is formed as a belt connected to the respective one of said rear walls, vertically oriented rollers mounted to said oven for rotation thereof, each of said belts being attached to said rollers adjacent the ends of said belts so that, as the rear wall is displaced, the belt is wound upon, and unwound from the respective rollers, each of said belts being constituted by an imperforate part located beyond the rear wall, as viewed from the oven door, and a part having at least one passage for admitting hot air, located in front of the rear wall.

6. A bakers oven according to claim 5, and horizontally oriented rollers mounted to said oven for rotation thereof, each of said movable bottoms being attached to said rollers adjacent the front and rear ends of said bottoms to enable said movable bottoms to be wound upon, and unwound from, said rollers during their movement.

7. A bakers oven according to claim 5, wherein each of said movable rear walls is fixedly secured to its associated movable bottom for movement along with the latter.

8. A baker's oven according to claim 5, wherein each of said movable bottoms carries a downwardly extending auxiliary rear wall corresponding with its associated movable rear wall.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,784,354 Dated January 8, 1974 lm lentofls) ADRIAAN VERHEY' It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 2, line 20, after "wall", insert or partition 11 line 45, after "oven", insert-- 13" line 47, "Consists" should read consist Signed and sealed this6th day of August 1974.4

(SEAL) Attest:

MCCOY M. GIBSON, JR. (3. MARSHALL DANN Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents uscoM'M-Dc 60376-P6 U45. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFIC E: l9! O36-3J FORM PO-105O (IO-69) 

1. A baker''s oven comprising an oven compartment defined by two sidewalls, a top wall, a bottom, a front wall and a rear wall, and heating means under said compartment, said front wall being formed as an oven door, said bottom being formed as a movable bottom operable as a conveyor belt, and said rear wall being movable in the direction towards and away from said oven door.
 2. A baker''s oven according to claim 1 and rollers mounted to said oven, said movable bottom being attached adjacent the front and rear ends thereof to said rollers to enable said movable bottom to be wound upon, and unwound from said rollers during its movement.
 3. A baker''s oven according to claim 1, wherein said movable rear wall is fixedly secured to said movable bottom for mOvement along with the latter.
 4. A baker''s oven according to claim 3, wherein said movable bottom carries a downwardly extending auxiliary rear wall corresponding with said movable rear wall.
 5. A baker''s oven comprising: a plurality of oven compartments each defined by two sidewalls, a top wall, a bottom, a front wall, and a rear wall, said compartments being situated in an air-heated space of the oven, each of said front walls being formed as an oven door, each of said bottoms being formed as a movable bottom, each of said rear walls being movable towards and away from the respective one of said doors, and each sidewall is formed as a belt connected to the respective one of said rear walls, vertically oriented rollers mounted to said oven for rotation thereof, each of said belts being attached to said rollers adjacent the ends of said belts so that, as the rear wall is displaced, the belt is wound upon, and unwound from the respective rollers, each of said belts being constituted by an imperforate part located beyond the rear wall, as viewed from the oven door, and a part having at least one passage for admitting hot air, located in front of the rear wall.
 6. A baker''s oven according to claim 5, and horizontally oriented rollers mounted to said oven for rotation thereof, each of said movable bottoms being attached to said rollers adjacent the front and rear ends of said bottoms to enable said movable bottoms to be wound upon, and unwound from, said rollers during their movement.
 7. A baker''s oven according to claim 5, wherein each of said movable rear walls is fixedly secured to its associated movable bottom for movement along with the latter.
 8. A baker''s oven according to claim 5, wherein each of said movable bottoms carries a downwardly extending auxiliary rear wall corresponding with its associated movable rear wall. 